Previous studies report patterns and prevalence of injuries among men and women are similar, however, this study suggests that among recreational runners and walkers, actual risk factors for lower extremity injury are gender-specific.

This study also suggests that the levels of activity recommended by national health organizations are achievable while modifying injury risks. A walking program of less that 20 miles per week, coupled with weight training, may be the an appropriate and low risk level of activity for most adults.