Directed at mildly overweight individuals, and tended to focus on behaviors such as the time of day and location of eating episodes, rather than the actual calories consumed. These programs produced average weight losses of approximately 4.5 kg during the 10-week program.

Over time, treatment programs have been lengthened to 20-24 weeks; maintenance interventions have been added; there has been increased emphasis on physical activity; and both diet and activity have been viewed in terms of their contribution to calorie balance. With these newer programs, weight loss has increased to approximately 9-10 kg at 6 months. Patients maintain about 60-70% of their weight loss (or 5.6 kg) at 1-year follow-up.