The Rio de Janeiro conference on the environment and development (1992) acknowledged women’s roles in protecting the environment, and the special impact of environmental degradation on women.

The Vienna conference on human rights (1993) included "women’s rights as human rights".

The Cairo conference on population and development (1994) addressed women’s needs for access to health, maternal care, and family planning facilities.

The Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing (1995) built on earlier international conferences, national government efforts, and lobbying by NGOs to develop gender-sensitive strategies in its Platform for Action.