Verhoeff et al. (2001) analyzing IUGR in rural Malawi studied 1,423 live-born singleton babies. Fifteen percent (14.9%) had a birth weight < 2500g; 17.3% were premature (< 37 weeks) and 20.3% had IUGR. Malaria at delivery was among the risks that were significantly associated with increased IUGR (RR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0 – 1.9), and prematurity risk was associated with primiparity (RR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.4).