Intravascular devices are indispensable in modern-day medical practice. They are used to administer IV fluids, medications, blood products, and parenteral nutrition fluids, and to monitor the hemodynamic status of critically ill patients. However, the use of intravascular devices frequently is complicated by a variety of local or systemic infectious complications , including septic thrombophlebitis, endocarditis, bloodstream infection (BSI), and metastatic infection (e.g., osteomyelitis, endophthalmitis, arthritis) resulting from hematogenous seeding of another body site by a colonized catheter.