The “EMPTY MODEL” is a model without any explanatory variables. It only analyses differences (i.e., variance)

Probability of visiting a PUBLIC primary health care physician

In this multilevel analysis we studied the individual probability of visiting a PUBLIC primary health care physician in women with least one visit to a physician

In the FIXED EFFECTS part of the analysis we se that low educational achievement at the area level is associated to a higher probability of visiting a PUBLIC primary health care physician

IN the RANDOM EFFECTS part we se that the ICC is rather high. 37% of the individual variation in probability of visiting a PUBLIC primary health care physician is explained by the neighbourhood of one’s living.

Ischemic heart disease hospitalization. In the FIXED EFFECTS part of the analysis we can se that low educational achievement at both individual and area level is associated to a higher risk of hospitalization for ischemic heart disease and heart failure

IN the RANDOM EFFECTS part we se that almost null of the individual variation in risk for ischemic heart disease and heart failure is explained by the neighbourhood of one’s living. The ICC is only 0.1%