Continuous outcomes are typically studied with linear regression, or ‘ordinary least square’ analysis.
Binary (or ‘dichotomous’) outcomes are typically studied with logistic regression analysis, where a logistic ‘link’ function is used to relate the 0/1 outcome to the predictor variables.
Outcomes that occur in time typically suffer from the problem that not all patients have complete follow-up. Such outcomes are well analyzed with survival analysis techniques, including Kaplan -Meier curves for graphical display and Cox proportional hazards regression models for the analysis of predictive effects and the prediction of outcomes.