Early in this lecture, in defining obesity, the basic premise is when someone eats more than they need for energy, the extra weight is added.  This is also true for children.  But, obesity is a bit more than just how many calories…there are issues surrounding genetics.  Does obesity run in the family?  Are there other members of the family, say the mother or father, or brothers and sisters that are also obese? If so, there is a risk of children being obese as they grow older.  

Because obesity is a complex condition, there are many factors to consider, one is genetics.  In a study by Boutin and Froquel (2001), there is strong evidence to suggest the genetic link to obesity. The genetic codes are influenced by sedentary lifestyle, food choices and constant access to food puts stress on genes that are predisposed to weight gain. 

Boutin, P. & Froquel, P. (2001). Genetics of human obesity. Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 15: 391-404. Retrieved from http://www.bprcem.com/article/S1521-690X%2801%2990153-8/abstract

Behavioral activity needs to be considered.  What kids choose to eat is learned from parents and other adults.  Children are more likely to choose healthy foods if they are offered in the home. 

Environment.  This is some things a child and their parents may not have control over.  Most humans will try and live in the best place they can.  To have shelter, clean water and healthy food.  But this may not be possible.  Sadly, food that is over processed may also be the cheapest and can be stretched further in the household budget, or perhaps there is no money for food and children eat only when they can.  It may be very challenging to find healthy food.  Even in America, many children do not have access to fresh fruits and vegetables.  There are no grocery stores close by or there is no money to purchase fresh fruits and vegetables. 

Centers for Disease Control. (2010). Health topics: Childhood obesity. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/obesity