Following three successful international symposia held at the Gutenberg Museum in Mainz (2002), the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in Paris (2005), and the University of Leipzig (2008), the Fourth Symposium will take place at the BA from 25 to 29 September 2011 as part of the 24th Congress of the Union Européenne des Arabisants et Islamisants (UEAI). The Symposium will not be confined to printing in Arabic or Muslim languages, but will cover a range of Middle Eastern languages and scripts from the historical and technical perspectives.