REFERENCES
- Anderson, T.W., and Rochard, C., 1979: Cold snaps, snowfall, and sudden
death from ischemic heart disease. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 121,
1580-1583.
- Applegate, W.B., MD, MPH; J. W. Runyan, Jr., MD; L. Brasfield, MS; M.L.
Williams, MSW; C. Konigsberg, MD, MPH; and C. Fouche, RRA; 1981: Analysis of
the 1980 heat wave in Memphis. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 29,
337-342.
- Baker-Blocker, A., 1982: Winter weather and cardiovascular mortality in
Minneapolis-St. Paul. American Journal of Public Health, 72, 261-265.
- Bernstein, L.M., L.C. Johnston, R. Ryan, T. Inouye, and F.K. Hick, 1956:
Body composition as related to heat regulation in women. Journal of Applied
Physiology, 9, 241-256.
- Bridger, C.A., F.P. Ellis, and H.L. Taylor, 1976: Mortality in St. Louis,
Missouri, during heat waves in 1936, 1953, 1954, 1955 and 1966. Environmental
Research, 12, 38-48.
- Bristow, G., R. Smith, J. Lee, et al., 1977: Resuscitation from
cardiopulmonary arrest during accidental hypothermia due to exhaustion and
exposure. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 117, 247-248.
- Buechley, R.W., J. Van Bruggen, and L.E. Truppi, 1972: Heat Island = Death
Island. Environmental Research, 5, 85-92.
- Callls, S., and S. Le Duc, 1985: Significance of the relationship between
weather extremes and human mortality. Proceedings of the 7th Conference on
Biometeorology and Aerobiology, American Meteorological Society, 337.
- Calot, G., and C. Blayo, 1982: Recent course of fertility in Western
Europe. Population Studies, 36, 345-372.
- Centers for Disease Control, 1982: Exposure-related hypothermia
deaths--District of Columbia 1972-1982. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report,
December, 31-50.
- Centers for Disease Control, 1984: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report,
Atlanta, 33.
- Collins, R.J., C. Dore, A.N. Exton-Smith, et al., 1977: Accidental
hypothermia and impaired temperature homeostasis in the elderly. British
Medicine Journal, 1, 353-356.
- Collins, R.J., J.C. Easton, and A.N. Exton-Smith, 1981: Shivering
thermogenesis and vasomotor responses with convective cooling in the elderly,
abstract. Journal of Physiology, 320, 76.
- Collins, K.J., A.N. Exton-Smith, and C. Dore, 1981: Urban hypothermia:
preferred temperature and thermal perception in old age. British Medicine
Journal, 282, 175-177.
- Cull, R.E. 1981: Barometric Pressure and Other Factors in Migraine.
Headache, 21(3), 102-104.
- Crowe, J.P. and R.E. Moore, 1973: Physiological and behavioral responses
of aged men to passive heating. Journal of Physiology, 236, 43-48.
- Cunningham, D.J., J.A.J. Stolrviik, and C.B. Wenger, 1978: Comparative
thermoregulatory responses of resting men and women. Journal of Applied
Physiology, 45, 908-915.
- U.S. Department of Commerce, 1985; Report of the Impact of the January
1985 Cold Wave. Climate Impact Assessment: United States, January.
- Driscoll, D.M., 1971a: The relationship between weather and mortality in
ten major metropolitan areas in the United States, 1962-1965. Ph.D.
dissertation, University of Wisconsin.
- Driscoll, D.M., 1971b: Base lines for measuring adverse effects of air
pollution: Some evidence for weather effects on mortality. Environmental
Research, 4, 233-242.
- Donle, W. 1975: Dependence of Outbreaks of Influenza on Season and
Weather. Infection, Vol 3, pp. 23-27.
- Ellis, F.P., 1972: Mortality from heat illness and heat-aggravated illness
in the United States. Environmental Research, 15, 504-512.
- Ellis, F.P., and F. Nelson, 1978: Mortality in the elderly in a heat wave
in New York City, August 1975. Environmental Research, 15, 504-512.
- Ellis, F.P., F. Nelson, and L. Pincus, 1975: Mortality during heat wave in
New York City, July 1972 and August and September 1973. Environmental
Research, 10, 1-13.
- Faiche, G. and R. Rose, 1979: Blizzard Morbidity and Mortality: Rhode
Island, 1978. American Journal of Public Health, 69, 1050-1052.
- Fitzgerald, F.T., and C. Jessop, 1982: Accidental hypothermia: a report of
22 cases and review of the literature. Advanced Internal Medicine, 27,
127-150.
- Foster, K.G., E.N. Hey, and C. Katz, 1968: Eccrine sweat gland function in
the newborn baby. Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 198, 36-37.
- Gallow, D., T.E. Graham, and S. Pfeiffer, 1984: Comparative
thermoregulatory responses to acute cold in women of Asian and European
descent. Human Biology, 56, 19-34.
- Glass, R.I., and M.M. Zack, Jr., 1979: Increase in deaths from ischemic
heart-disease after blizzards. The Lancet, 1, 485-487.
- Goldsmith, J.R. and L.T. Friberg, 1977: Effects of air pollution on human
health. In Air Pollution: Volume II, A.C. Stern, ed., 457-610.
- Goldstein, E.F. 1980: Weather patterns and asthma epidemics in New York
City and New Orleans, U.S.A. International Journal of Biometeorology, 24,
329-339.
- Gover, M. 1938: Mortality during periods of excessive temperature. Public
Health Reports, 53, 1112-1143.
- Graham, T.E., 1983: Alcohol ingestion and sex differences on the thermal
responses to mild exercise in a cold environment. Human Biology, 55, 463-476.
- Graham, T.E., and M.D. Lougheed, 1985: Thermal responses to exercise in
the cold: Influence of sex difference and alcohol. Human Biology, 57, 687-698.
- Green, G.H., 1966: The effect of indoor relative humidity on absenteeism
and colds in school. University of Saskatchewan. Unpublished.
- Hardy, J.D. and E.F. DuBois, 1940. Differences between men and women in
their response to heat and cold. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, 26, 389-398.
- Hudson, L.D., and R.D. Conn, 1974: Accidental hypothermia: associated
diagnoses and prognosis in a common problem. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 227, 37-40.
- Jones, T.S., MD, MPH; A.P. Liang, MD, MPH; E.M. Rilbourne, MD; M.R.
Griffin, MD; P.A. Patriarca, MD; S.G.G. Wassilak, MD; R.J. Mullan, MD; R.F.
Herrick, MS; H.D. Donnel, Jr., MD, MPH; K. Choi, PhD; and S.B. Thacker, MD;
1982: Morbidity and mortality assoc iated with the July 1980 heat wave in St.
Louis and Kansas City, MO. Journal of the American Medical Association, 247,
3327-3330.
- Ralkstein, L.S., 1982: The weather stress index. NOAA Technical Procedures
Bulletin, 324, 1-16.
- Kalkstein, L.S., 1984: The impact of winter weather on human mortality.
Climate Impact Assessment: United States, December, 21-23.
- Kalkstein, L.S., 1985: Final Report for Contract #NA8SAA-H-AI098: The
Impact of Climate Upon Human Mortality, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration .
- Kalkstein, L.S., R.E. Davis, J.A. Skindlov, and K.M. Valimont, The impact
of human-induced climatic warming upon human mortality: A New York City case
study. Proceedings of the International Conference on Health and Environmental
Effects of Ozone Modif ication and Climate Change, in press.
- Kalkstein, L.S., R.E. Davis, and J.A. Skindlor, A Procedure to Determine
the Impact of Climate Warming on Mortality: A New York City Case Study.
Submitted to Risk Analysis: An International Journal--September, 1986.
- Kalkstein, L.S., and R.E. Davis, 1985: The development of a
weather/mortality model for environmental impact assessment. Proceedings of
the 7th Conference of Biometeorology and Aerobiology, 334-336.
- Kalkstein, L.S., and K.M. Valimont, 1986: An evaluation of summer
discomfort in the United States using a relative climatological index.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 7, 842-848.
- Katayama, K., and M. Momiyama-Sakamoto, 1970: A biometeorological study of
mortality from stroke and heart diseases: Its geographical differences in the
United States. Meteorology and Geophysics, 21, 127-139.
- Kilbourne, E.M., MD; R. Choi, PhD; T.S. Jones, MD; S.B. Thacker, MD; and
The Field Investigation Team, 1982: Risk factors for heatstroke: A
case-control study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 247,
3332-3336.
- Rutschenreuter, P.H., 1959: A study of the effect of weather on mortality.
Transactions of the New York Academy of Science, 22, 126-138.
- Lewin, S., L.R. Brettman, and R.S. Holzman, 1981: Infections in
hypothermia inpatients. Archives of Internal Medicine, 141, 920-925.
- Lye, M. and A. Ramal, 1977: The effects of a heat wave on mortality rates
in elderly inpatients. The Lancet, 1, 529-531.
- MacFarlane, A. and R.E. Waller, 1976: Short term increases in mortality
during heat waves. Nature, 264, 434-436.
- Mack, M., 1985: Influence of precipitation on fatal automobile accidents
in Connecticut. Master's Thesis, Dept. of Geography, University of Delaware.
- Marmor, M., PhD, 1975: Heat wave mortality in New York City, 1949 to 1970.
Archives of Environmental Health, 30, 131-136.
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 1982: Newsletter, December 29-31.
- National Center for Health Statistics, 1978: Standardized Micro-Data Tape
Transcripts, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, DHEW Publication
No. (PHS) 78-1213.
- Oechsli, F.W., and R.W. Buechley, 1970: Excess mortality associated with
three Los Angeles September hot spells. Environmental Research, 3, 277-284.
- Persinger, M.A., 1975: Lag responses in mood reports to changes in the
weather matrix. International Journal of Biometeorology, 19, 108-114.
- Persinger, M.A., 1980: The Weather Matrix and Human Behavior, New York:
Praeger, 327 pp.
- Quayle, R., and F. Doehring, 1981: Heat stress: A comparison of indices.
Weatherwise, 34, 120-124.
- Radomski, M.W. and C. Boutelier, 1982: Hormone response of normal and
intermittent cold preadapted humans to continuous cold. Journal of Applied
Physiology, 53, 610-616.
- Rango, N.R., 1984: Exposure-related hypothermia mortality in the United
States, 1970-1979. American Journal of Public Health, 74, 1159-1160.
- Richards, J.H., and C. Marriott, 1974: Effect of relative humidity on the
rheologic properties of bronchial mucus. American Review of Respiratory
Disease, 109, 484-486.
- Rogot, E., 1973: Association of cardiovascular mortality with
weather--Chicago 1967. Proceedings of the ASHRAE Symposium on
Air-conditioning. Climatology and Public Health, 22-25 August 1971.
- Rogot, E., and S.J. Padgett, 1976: Associations of coronary and stroke
mortality with temperature and snowfall in selected areas of the United
States, 1962-1966. American Journal of Epidemiology, 103, 565-57S.
- Rosen, S., 1979: Weathering, New York: M. Evans and Co., Inc., 367 pp.
- Rotton, J., 1983: Angry, sad, happy? Blame the weather. U.S. News and
World Report, 95, 52-53.
- Sakamoto, M.M., and R. Katayama, 1971: Statistical analysis of seasonal
variation in mortality. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 49,
494-509.
- Sanders, J.L., and M.S. Brizzolara, 1982: Relationships between weather
and mood. The Journal of General Psychology, 107, 155-156.
- Schuman, S.H., 1972: Patterns of urban heat wave deaths and implications
for prevention: Data from New York and St. Louis during July, 1966.
Environmental Research, 5, 58-75.
- Schuman, S.H., MD; C.P. Anderson, MD; and J.T. Oliver, 1964: Epidemiology
of successive heat waves in Michigan in 1962 and 1963. Journal of the American
Medical Association, 189, 733-738.
- Sprung, C.L., 1979: Hemodynamic alterations of heat stroke in the elderly.
Chest, 75, 362-366.
- Steadman, R.G., 1979a: The assessment of sultriness: Part I: A
temperature-humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science.
Journal of Applied Meteorology, 18, 861-873.
- Steadman, R.G., 1979b: The assessment of sultriness: Part II: Effect of
wind, extra radiation, and barometric pressure on apparent temperature.
Journal of Applied Meteorology, 18, 874-884.
- Steadman, R.G., 1984: A universal scale of apparent temperature. Journal
of Climate and Applied Meteorology, 23, 1674-1687.
- Stern, Arthur C., 1977: Effects of Air Pollution, 3rd edition, New York:
Academic Press.
- Thom, E.C., 1959: The discomfort index. Weatherwise, 12, 57-60.
- Tjoa, W.S., M.H. Smolensky, B.P. Hsi, E. Steinberger, and K.D. Smith,
1982: Circannual rhythm in human sperm count revealed by serially independent
sampling. Fertility and Sterility, 38, 454-459.
- Tromp, S.W., 1963: Medical biometeorology, New York: Elsevier.
- U.S. Dept. of Commerce (NOAA), 1980: Climate Impact Assessment: U.S. --
Annual Summary, 66 pages.
- U.S. Dept. of Commerce (NOAA), 1984: Report of the increase in senior
citizen fatalities attributable to the severe cold during the last half of
December 1983. Unpublished.
- U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1985: Report of the impact of the January 1985
Cold Wave. Climate Impact Assessment: United States, January.
- Veicsteinas, A., G. Feretti, and D.W. Rennie, 1982: Superficial shell
insulation in resting and exercising men in water. Journal of Applied
Physiology, 52, 1557-1564.
- Wagner, J.A., S. Robinson, and R.P. Marino, 1974: Age and temperature
regulation of humans in neutral and cold environments. Journal of Applied
Physiology, 37, 562-565.
- Weiss, M.H., 1983: Quantifying summer discomfort. Bulletin of the American
Meteorological Society, 64, 654-655.
- White, M.R. and I. Hertz-Picator, 1985: Analysis of climate related to
health. In Characterization of Information Requirements for Studies of CO2
Effects: Water Resources, Agriculture, Fisheries, Forests, and Human Health,
M.R. White, ed., Departme nt of Energy, DOE/ER/0236.
- Winterling, G.A., 1979: Humiture-revised and adapted for the summer season
in Jacksonville, Fla. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 60,
329-330.
- Wolfe, C P., 1981: Social impact assessment. Impact Assessment Bulletin,
1, 9-19.
- Wyndham, C.H., J.F. Morrison, C.G. Williams, G.A.G. Bredel, J. Peter,
M.J.E. Von Randen, M.L.D. Holdsworth, C.H. Van Graan, A.J. Van Rensburg, and
A. Munro, 1964: Physiological reactions to cold of Caucasion females. Journal
of Applied Physiology, 19, 877-880.