The AAI was measured in 5888 participants >/=65 years old at the baseline examination of the Cardiovascular Health Study. All participants had a detailed assessment of prevalent CVD and were contacted every 6 months for total mortality and CVD events (including CVD mortality, fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, angina, stroke, and hospitalized PAD). The crude mortality rate at 6 years was highest (32.3%) in those participants with prevalent CVD and a low AAI (P<0.9), and it was lowest in those with neither of these findings (8.7%, P<0.01). The figure shows Kaplan-Meier survival from death or CVD morbidity for 4268 participants at risk for incident CVD at baseline by categories of AAI (AAI <0.8, n=213; AAI 0.8 to <0.9, n=196; AAI 0.9 to <1.0, n=536; AAI 1.0 to <1.5, n=3323).