Prostate cancer incidence rates increased sharply from 1988 to 1992, after increasing steadily from 1975 to 1988. The short-lived surge in prostate cancer incidence most likely reflects the widespread introduction of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening test in the late 1980s. Lung cancer incidence rates in men have declined in recent years, while rates for cancers of the colon & rectum have stabilized.