The new Progressive health reformers were not as religiously enthusiastic about their causes as had been their predecessors in ante-bellum America. Now the impetus for health fads was based on the more secular rationale of helping people to live a more "efficient” life, for efficiency was the key concept in American business' growth and success. The list of health reformers and health fads during this period is far greater and more diversified than during the ante-bellum era. I will only briefly discuss a few to illustrate the wide scope they covered.