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Almost all of the literature on this topic regards overcrowding as one of the key factors contributing to the transmission of the TB. However, this variable might also represent the difference in the living conditions for both districts since this variable did not show a significant association in Bandung. This finding is in line with Baum (1997) who stated that density itself is not a prerequisite for transmission of the disease because high density usually exists alongside poverty and it is very difficult to isolate the various effects.