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The prevalence of
anaphylaxis in the population has also been very difficult to estimate, in
large part because of the fact that a surprising number of individuals never
inform their physician about reactions they have experienced. There is also
some difficulty with definitions since some mild systemic reactions (e.g.
hives without any other manifestations) are not always referred to as
anaphylaxis. Epidemiologic surveys have reported systemic reactions to
insect stings in 1% of children an 3% of adults. Food allergy is more common
in children than in adults. Food-induced anaphylaxis is estimated to occur
in 1-3% of children. Drug reactions are also common with anaphylaxis
occurring in approximately 1% of adults. Radiocontrast media cause
anaphylaxis in 0.1% of procedures performed. Allergen immunotherapy
injections cause systemic symptoms in 10-15% of treated patients but
anaphylaxis is estimated to occur in 3% of cases. Latex allergy has been
increasing in frequency over the past 10 years, with increasing reports of
latex anaphylaxis approaching 1% of adults. There have been no accurate
reports of the overall prevalence of anaphylaxis, but these various
estimates suggest that 5% of adults may have a history of anaphylaxis. |