Priorities for national coverage assessment include monitoring coverage of preschool children and in particular incorporating new vaccines as recommended and serving as an evaluation tool for the Vaccines for Children Program. Coverage assessment must also be conducted for adolescent vaccines, particularly during the recommended 11-12 year preventive service visit. CDC plans to conduct annual adolescent coverage surveys beginning in 2006. Assessment of urban areas and expansion to other urban and rural areas is important. This may be accomplished by rotating in new IAP areas or through small-area statistical methods. Response rates for the NIS need to be maintained and improved upon if at all possible. This might be accomplished by offer incentives for participation, cognitive interviewing, caller ID experiments, analysis of call history data, and using more efficient call patterns and times. Additionally, research exploring potential non-response bias needs to be conducted which might allow for statistical adjustments to compensate for bias.