Calcium and phosphorus are the primary minerals involved in maintaining bone health.  Nearly all calcium is found in bone.  However, calcium also plays important roles in muscle function, blood clotting, enzyme activity, and nerve transmission. 

Phosphorous is also primarily found in bone, with the remaining phosphorous spread throughout all other cells in the body.  Phosphorous is the primary energy currency used by our cells (in the form of ATP). 

Magnesium is another abundant mineral found in bone and widely distributed among our cells to act in energy metabolism, cell membrane transport and protein synthesis. 

Sodium acts primarily as an electrolyte (major extracellular cation), functioning in transport of substances through cell membranes, muscle action, and nerve transmission. 

Potassium (major intracellular cation) is required for acid-base balance, metabolic reactions, muscle action, and nerve transmission.