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There are two kinds of observational studies: (1) case
control and (2) cohort. These studies approach a problem
from different directions. Case control studies start with
cases of disease (or injury or health) and compare them with
controls without the disease in terms of possible causal
factors. Cohort studies start with healthy people and
follow them up to see what factors in their lifestyle or
occupation or birth weight or school achievement, etc. are
later related to the occurrence of disease, injury or better
heath.
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