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Damage to the embryo starts in the second trimester of pregnancy and is reversible if iodine is given. Damage occurring after the second trimester can not be corrected. In less than severe ID, neurological effects range from detectable neurological changes to impaired learning capacity and performance in school, or reduced ability to handle formal tests of psychomotor functions. Readings: Stanbury ed., The damaged Brain of iodine deficiency. 1994, NY, Cognizant communications Meta-analysis of 18 studies covering 2214 persons suggests that ID persons have a mean IQ score 13.5 points lower than iodine sufficient persons.