There has been no shortage of published critiques of EBM. Some of the more common criticisms are listed here.

The definition of EBM explicitly requires consideration of clinical experience and patient values, which argues against the first and third charges. One can argue, of course, whether or not EBM is actually practiced this way.

Medicine and science are based upon observing patterns and probabilities. The fact that no vaccine has 100% effectiveness, due to individual variation, does NOT mean that one should fail to be aware of consensus guidelines regarding immunizations and ignore such guidelines in practice. Thus, the second critique can be subject to counterargument.

The final criticism, that EBM can lead to "therapeutic nihilism" (doing nothing if there aren't extensive randomized controlled trials justifying an intervention) has also been challenged in that EBM relies on the best available evidence not on an idealized standard.