Amphetamine was first synthesized in Germany in 1887. Methamphetamine was synthesized in Japan in 1919.
(The different dates for the synthesis of amphetamine and methamphetamine draw attention to an important distinction, because meth is much more powerful stimulant. It should be noted that many Web sites do not make a clear distinction between methamphetamine and amphetamine.)
During World War II, the Nazi and Japanese armies used meth widely. Japanese kamikaze pilots were documented to be high on meth. Abuse of methamphetamine became a major challenge in postwar Japan. Yes, Americans also used it during WWII, and it also was widely abused by American troops serving in Vietnam.
After World War II, biker gangs in California began to distribute meth. As use spread, so did abuse.
Legally produced amphetamines became a cure-all, helping long-haul truckers complete their routes without falling asleep, aiding weight control, helping athletes perform better and train longer, and treating mild depression. Today, some long-haul truckers and some people who want to lose weight are using meth.
For more information on the history of meth, check out the following Web sites: http://www.a1b2c3.com/drugs/amp01.htm
http://www.methamphetamineaddiction.com/methamphetamine_hist.html