DOD provides both personal care and population health services to all military personnel; laboratories and researchers often collaborate with CDC and other HHS agencies.

HUD supports programs for the homeless, including some health services, and works to assure safe housing for all.

White House

- Office of Management and Budget oversees all federal Executive Branch funding, sometimes limiting what agencies may do.

- Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDPC) coordinates HHS with Drug Enforcement Agency and others, and sets the tone for national efforts. The current fascination with controlling the drug supply has limited the amount of attention given to care and prevention.

- Office of National AIDS Policy coordinates across all agencies and provides a national voice on the epidemic. It has been over-ruled by ONDPC on syringe and needle exchange programs as a prevention measure, despite good research evidence to support the program.