Learn Hieroglyphs

Suffix pronouns

Ancient Egyptian language has four distinct types of personal pronouns:

1) Suffix pronouns

2) Dependent pronouns

3) Independent pronouns

4) Compound pronouns

1) Suffix pronouns

They are suffix pronouns because they follow, and are affixed to preceding words.

First Person Masculine Singular	I, me, my	.i	, ,
First Person Feminine Singular	I, me, my	.i
Second Person Masculine Singular	you, you , your	.k
Second Person Feminine Singular	you, you, your	.t, .T	,
Third Person Masculine Singular	he, hi, his, it	.f
Third Person Feminine Singular	she, her, it	.s	,
First Person Plural	we, us, our	.n
Second Person Plural	you, you, your	.tn, .Tn	, ,
Third Person Plural	they, them, their	.sn	, ,,

Notes:

In the transliteration, a “.” or “=” is placed before suffix pronouns to differentiate it from other pronouns and articles, and to show that it is related to the preceding word.

The adjectiveiry is sometimes used as an unchangeable substitute for the suffixes of the third person singular or plural.

The impersonal pronoun tw is used to imply someone as in: Dd.tw ‘One says’.

The variant writings of the singular and plural second feminine indicates the interchange between t and T.

Different writings of first person singular suffix are known. The first person suffix pronoun was often omitted.

Dual forms of the suffix pronoun are known but rarely used. Plural forms are used instead.

First person dual	.ny
Second person dual	.Tny
Third person Dual	.sny

Uses of suffix pronoun:

a) As a subject in verbal phrases

pr.i m niwt

I come out of the city.

b) Subject of non-verbal phrase preceded byiw.

iw.f m pr

He is in the house.

c) Dative (indirect object)

n.f

To him.

d) Genitive after nouns

pr. f

His house.

e) After prepositions

Hna.k

With you.

f) Object of Infinitive

The term object here is used in its semantic sense. The object of the infinitive is represented by the direct genitive, as in case of pronouns by the suffixes.