Title:
Conflict-Related Sexual Violence and the prevention of it.
Authors:
Ceelen, Iline
Year:
2016
PAGE:
ix, 53
Language:
En
Subject:
Gender, Citizenship and Governance
Keywords:
Conflict-related sexual violence, rape, conflict, prevention programs
Abstract:
Background: Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) happens to an estimated 4-22% of women. In 2014 there were 42 armed conflicts all over the world. The consequences of CRSV can be fatal. Many international frameworks, treaties and campaigns fight against CRSV. Non-government organizations (NGOs) work on prevention programs to stop rape from happening. Objective of study: To understand the factors influencing prevalence of CRSV and to analyze existing prevention programs. Methodology: Review of peer-reviewed literature, grey literature and field reports on CRSV and the prevention of it. Using different databases like Pubmed, google scholar, VU Library and gate search. Conducted key informant interviews with field experts from different NGOs including MSF, UNFPA, Promundo and KIT. Analyzing the identified prevention programs using the adapted “Change framework” from “Gender at work”. Results: 67 prevention programs have been analyzed and 27 were included in the thesis. Out of the 27 programs, 6 used the 4 components of the framework. Thirteen used 3 components, 7 used 2 components and only one focused just on one component. The most effective programs, such as Promundo and SASA, focused on behavior change in conflict affected communities related to general violence reduction and resulted in 50% general violence reduction in the following 12 months. These methods showed success in conflict settings and have great potential for targeted reduction of CRSV as they are used in DRC. In active conflict, avoiding the opportunity to rape has been seen as most effective. CRSV depends on the context of conflict and is not present in all conflicts. Conclusions: Prevention programs need to adapt to the context, to understand the factors influencing CRSV. Gender roles influence the prevalence and gender considerations must be included in prevention strategies. The lack of knowledge about legal frameworks, human rights treaties and prosecution of perpetrators creates more chance for CRSV to happen. Recommendations: Every conflict needs to be individually analyzed to understand the factors influencing CRSV. Prevention programs need to work on gender equality. Governments need to put more pressure on law enforcement and policies against CRSV. More research is needed to understand the magnitude of CRSV and effective prevention strategies.
Organization:
KIT - Royal Tropical Institute
,
VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Institute:
KIT (Royal Tropical Institue)
Training:
Master of Public Health / International Course in Health Development (MPH/ICHD)
Category:
Research
Right:
© 2016 Ceelen
Document type:
Thesis/dissertation
File:
pauwGznix7_20170424145031723.pdf